Add Assignment 3

Assignments/Assignment3/Application3.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+#include "Application3.h"
+
+void Application3::initScene() {
+    Data_Constructor(&data, 1, 8);
+
+    /* select scene here */
+    //standardScene();
+    causticScene();
+}
+
+void Application3::standardScene() {
+    FileName file = workingDir + FileName("Framework/scenes/cornell_box.obj");
+
+    /* set default camera */
+    camera.from = Vec3fa(278, 273, -800);
+    camera.to = Vec3fa(278, 273, 0);
+
+    Ref<SceneGraph::GroupNode> sceneGraph = loadOBJ(file, false).cast<SceneGraph::GroupNode>();
+
+    auto light = new SceneGraph::QuadLightMesh(Vec3fa(343.0, 548.0, 227.0), Vec3fa(213.0, 548.0, 332.0),
+                                               Vec3fa(343.0, 548.0, 332.0),
+                                               Vec3fa(213.0, 548.0, 227.0), Vec3fa(25, 25, 25));
+    sceneGraph->add(light);
+
+    Ref<SceneGraph::GroupNode> flattened_scene = SceneGraph::flatten(sceneGraph, SceneGraph::INSTANCING_NONE);
+    Scene* scene = new Scene;
+    scene->add(flattened_scene);
+    sceneGraph = nullptr;
+    flattened_scene = nullptr;
+
+    auto renderScene = new RenderScene(g_device, scene);
+    g_render_scene = renderScene;
+    data.scene = renderScene;
+    scene = nullptr;
+}
+
+void Application3::causticScene() {
+	FileName file = workingDir + FileName("Framework/scenes/caustics/ring.obj");
+
+	/* set default camera */
+	camera.from = Vec3fa(1, 2, 1);
+	camera.to = Vec3fa(0, 0, 0);
+	camera.fov = 60;
+
+	Ref<SceneGraph::GroupNode> sceneGraph = loadOBJ(file, false).cast<SceneGraph::GroupNode>();
+
+	auto light = new SceneGraph::QuadLightMesh(Vec3fa(0.1, 1.0, 2.0), Vec3fa(-0.1, 1.2, 2.0),
+		Vec3fa(-0.1, 1.0, 2.0), Vec3fa(0.1, 1.2, 2.0),
+		Vec3fa(50, 50, 50));
+
+	sceneGraph->add(light);
+
+
+	Ref<SceneGraph::GroupNode> flattened_scene = SceneGraph::flatten(sceneGraph, SceneGraph::INSTANCING_NONE);
+	Scene* scene = new Scene;
+	scene->add(flattened_scene);
+	sceneGraph = nullptr;
+	flattened_scene = nullptr;
+
+	auto renderScene = new RenderScene(g_device, scene);
+	g_render_scene = renderScene;
+	data.scene = renderScene;
+	scene = nullptr;
+}
+
+
+/*
+    IMPORTANT: use your own path tracing implementation from the 1st assignment!! 
+    the only change that we made was introduction of the RandomSamplerWrapper. It wrappes the sampling routines, so you could introduce a new sampler for Metropolis Light Transport and by overwriting RandomSamplerWrapper methods: get1D(), get2D()...
+	also the drawGUI() function now invokes ApplicationIntegrator::drawGUI();
+*/
+
+/* task that renders a single screen tile */
+Vec3fa Application3::renderPixel(float x, float y, const ISPCCamera& camera, RayStats& stats, RandomSamplerWrapper& sampler) {
+    /* radiance accumulator and weight */
+    Vec3fa L = Vec3fa(0.0f);
+    Vec3fa Lw = Vec3fa(1.0f);
+
+    /* initialize ray */
+    Ray ray(Vec3fa(camera.xfm.p), Vec3fa(normalize(x * camera.xfm.l.vx + y * camera.xfm.l.vy + camera.xfm.l.vz)), 0.0f,
+            inf);
+
+    /* intersect ray with scene */
+    RTCIntersectArguments iargs;
+    rtcInitIntersectArguments(&iargs);
+    iargs.feature_mask = RTC_FEATURE_FLAG_TRIANGLE;
+    rtcIntersect1(data.g_scene, RTCRayHit_(ray), &iargs);
+    RayStats_addRay(stats);
+
+    const Vec3fa wo = neg(ray.dir);
+
+    /* shade pixels */
+    if (ray.geomID != RTC_INVALID_GEOMETRY_ID) {
+        Vec3fa Ns = normalize(ray.Ng);
+        Sample sample;
+        sample.P = ray.org + ray.tfar * ray.dir;
+        sample.Ng = ray.Ng;
+        sample.Ns = Ns;
+        unsigned matId = data.scene->geometries[ray.geomID]->materialID;
+        unsigned lightID = data.scene->geometries[ray.geomID]->lightID;
+
+        if (lightID != unsigned(-1)) {
+            const Light* l = data.scene->lights[lightID];
+            Light_EvalRes evalRes = Lights_eval(l, sample, -wo);
+
+            L += evalRes.value;
+        } else {
+            sample.Ng = face_forward(ray.dir, normalize(sample.Ng));
+            sample.Ns = face_forward(ray.dir, normalize(sample.Ns));
+
+            /* calculate BRDF */
+            BRDF brdf;
+            std::vector<Material *> material_array = data.scene->materials;
+            Material__preprocess(material_array, matId, brdf, wo, sample);
+
+            /* sample BRDF at hit point */
+            Sample3f wi1;
+            Material__sample(material_array, matId, brdf, Lw, wo, sample, wi1, sampler.get2D());
+
+            int id = (int)(sampler.get1D()* data.scene->lights.size());
+            if (id == data.scene->lights.size())
+                id = data.scene->lights.size() - 1;
+            const Light* l = data.scene->lights[id];
+
+            Light_SampleRes ls = Lights_sample(l, sample, sampler.get2D());
+
+            Vec3fa diffuse = Material__eval(material_array, matId, brdf, wo, sample, ls.dir);
+
+            /* initialize shadow ray */
+            Ray shadow(sample.P, ls.dir, 0.001f, ls.dist-0.001f, 0.0f);
+
+            /* trace shadow ray */
+            RTCOccludedArguments sargs;
+            rtcInitOccludedArguments(&sargs);
+            sargs.feature_mask = RTC_FEATURE_FLAG_TRIANGLE;
+            rtcOccluded1(data.g_scene, RTCRay_(shadow), &sargs);
+            RayStats_addShadowRay(stats);
+
+            /* add light contribution if not occluded */
+            if (shadow.tfar >= 0.0f) {
+                L += diffuse * ls.weight;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return L;
+}

Assignments/Assignment3/Application3.h

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "helper.hpp"
+#include "application_integrator.h"
+
+
+class Application3 : public ApplicationIntegrator {
+public:
+    Application3(int argc, char** argv) : ApplicationIntegrator(argc, argv, "Assignment 3") {
+    }
+
+private:
+    Vec3fa renderPixel(float x, float y, const ISPCCamera& camera, RayStats& stats, RandomSamplerWrapper& sampler) override;
+
+
+    void drawGUI() override {
+		ApplicationIntegrator::drawGUI(); // NEW!
+    }
+
+    void initScene() override;
+
+    void standardScene();
+
+    void causticScene();
+
+    float colorLight[3] = {1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f};
+};

Assignments/Assignment3/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.16.0 FATAL_ERROR)
 project(Assignment3)
-
+add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} "assignment3.cpp"
-add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} "assignment3.cpp")
+        Application3.cpp
+        Application3.h
+        application_integrator.h
+        application_integrator.cpp
+        helper.hpp)
 target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} PUBLIC CGI-framework)

Assignments/Assignment3/application_integrator.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+#include "application_integrator.h"
+
+
+
+
+
+ApplicationIntegrator::ApplicationIntegrator(int argc, char** argv, const std::string& name):
+Application(argc, argv, name)
+{
+	resetRender();
+}
+
+void ApplicationIntegrator::drawGUI() {
+
+	bool bDirty = false;
+
+	if (ImGui::Checkbox("Metropolis", &bMetropolis)) {
+		resetRender();
+	}
+
+	if (bDirty) {
+		resetRender();
+	}
+}
+
+
+inline float luminance(Vec3fa v) {
+	return 0.2126f * v.x + 0.7152f * v.y + 0.0722f * v.z;
+}
+
+void ApplicationIntegrator::resetRender() {
+	Application::resetRender();
+	
+	if (bMetropolis) {
+		data.film.count = false;	
+	}
+	else {
+		data.film.count = true;
+		data.film.scalar = 1.0;
+	}
+}
+
+void ApplicationIntegrator::render(int* pixels, int width, int height, float time, const ISPCCamera& camera) {
+	deviceRender(camera);
+
+	if (!bMetropolis) {
+		mcRender(pixels, width, height, time, camera);
+	}
+	else {
+		mltRender(pixels, width, height, time, camera);
+	}
+}
+
+
+void ApplicationIntegrator::mltRender(int* pixels, int width, int height, float time, const ISPCCamera& camera) {
+
+	// data.film.scalar = ... use it for setting up the correct normalization coefficient
+	// 
+	// 
+	// you may want to use Distribution1D for the bootstrap
+	// d = Distribution1D(float* bis_values, num_bins)
+	// float integral = d.funcInt;
+	// int index_of_the_sampled_bin = d.SampleDiscrete(rng.get1D());
+	assert(0);
+}
+
+void ApplicationIntegrator::mcRender(int* pixels, int width, int height, float time, const ISPCCamera& camera) {
+	const int numTilesX = (width + TILE_SIZE_X - 1) / TILE_SIZE_X;
+	const int numTilesY = (height + TILE_SIZE_Y - 1) / TILE_SIZE_Y;
+	parallel_for(size_t(0), size_t(numTilesX * numTilesY), [&](const range<size_t>& range) {
+		const int threadIndex = (int)TaskScheduler::threadIndex();
+		for (size_t i = range.begin(); i < range.end(); i++)
+			renderTile((int)i, threadIndex, pixels, width, height, time, camera, numTilesX, numTilesY);
+	});
+}
+
+
+/* renders a single screen tile */
+void ApplicationIntegrator::mcRenderTile(int taskIndex, int threadIndex, int* pixels, const unsigned int width,
+	const unsigned int height, const float time, const ISPCCamera& camera, const int numTilesX,
+	const int numTilesY) {
+	const unsigned int tileY = taskIndex / numTilesX;
+	const unsigned int tileX = taskIndex - tileY * numTilesX;
+	const unsigned int x0 = tileX * TILE_SIZE_X;
+	const unsigned int x1 = min(x0 + TILE_SIZE_X, width);
+	const unsigned int y0 = tileY * TILE_SIZE_Y;
+	const unsigned int y1 = min(y0 + TILE_SIZE_Y, height);
+
+	for (unsigned int y = y0; y < y1; y++)
+		for (unsigned int x = x0; x < x1; x++) {
+			RandomSamplerWrapper sampler;
+			Vec3fa L = Vec3fa(0.0f);
+
+			for (int i = 0; i < data.spp; i++)
+			{
+				sampler.init(x, y, (data.frame_count) * data.spp + i);
+
+				/* calculate pixel color */
+				float fx = x + sampler.get1D();
+				float fy = y + sampler.get1D();
+				L = L + renderPixel(fx, fy, camera, g_stats[threadIndex], sampler);
+			}
+			L = L / (float)data.spp;
+
+			/* write color to framebuffer */
+			data.film.addSplat(x, y, L);
+		}
+}

Assignments/Assignment3/application_integrator.h

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "helper.hpp"
+#include "distribution.hpp"
+
+
+
+class ApplicationIntegrator: public Application {
+public:
+	ApplicationIntegrator(int argc, char** argv, const std::string& name);
+
+	virtual ~ApplicationIntegrator() = default;
+
+
+protected:
+	virtual void render(int* pixels, int width, int height, float time, const ISPCCamera& camera) override;
+	virtual void drawGUI() override;
+	virtual void resetRender() override;
+
+
+	bool bMetropolis = false;
+
+
+	void mltRender(int* pixels, int width, int height, float time, const ISPCCamera& camera);
+
+	void mcRender(int* pixels, int width, int height, float time, const ISPCCamera& camera);
+
+	/* renders a single screen tile */
+	void mcRenderTile(int taskIndex, int threadIndex, int* pixels, const unsigned int width,
+		const unsigned int height, const float time, const ISPCCamera& camera, const int numTilesX,
+		const int numTilesY);
+};

Assignments/Assignment3/assignment3.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
+#include "Application3.h"
 
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    auto app = new Application3(argc, argv);
+
+    app->run();
+
     return 0;
 }

Assignments/Assignment3/helper.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,444 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <application.h>
+#include <sampling.hpp>
+#include <random_sampler_wrapper.hpp>
+#include <scenegraph/obj_loader.h>
+
+#include <lights/ambient_light.h>
+#include <lights/directional_light.h>
+#include <lights/point_light.h>
+#include <lights/quad_light.h>
+#include <lights/spot_light.h>
+
+using namespace embree;
+
+inline Vec3fa reflect(const Vec3fa& V, const Vec3fa& N) { return 2.0f * dot(V, N) * N - V; }
+
+inline Vec3fa face_forward(const Vec3fa& dir, const Vec3fa& _Ng) {
+    const Vec3fa Ng = _Ng;
+    return dot(dir, Ng) < 0.0f ? Ng : neg(Ng);
+}
+
+inline Light_SampleRes Lights_sample(const Light* self,
+                                     const Sample& sp, /*! point to generate the sample for >*/
+                                     const Vec2f s) /*! random numbers to generate the sample >*/
+{
+    LightType ty = self->type;
+    switch (ty) {
+        case LIGHT_AMBIENT: return AmbientLight_sample(self, sp, s);
+        case LIGHT_POINT: return PointLight_sample(self, sp, s);
+        case LIGHT_DIRECTIONAL: return DirectionalLight_sample(self, sp, s);
+        case LIGHT_SPOT: return SpotLight_sample(self, sp, s);
+        case LIGHT_QUAD: return QuadLight_sample(self, sp, s);
+        default: {
+            Light_SampleRes res;
+            res.weight = Vec3fa(0, 0, 0);
+            res.dir = Vec3fa(0, 0, 0);
+            res.dist = 0;
+            res.pdf = inf;
+            return res;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+inline Light_EvalRes Lights_eval(const Light* self,
+                                 const Sample& sp,
+                                 const Vec3fa& dir) {
+    LightType ty = self->type;
+    switch (ty) {
+        case LIGHT_AMBIENT: return AmbientLight_eval(self, sp, dir);
+        case LIGHT_POINT: return PointLight_eval(self, sp, dir);
+        case LIGHT_DIRECTIONAL: return DirectionalLight_eval(self, sp, dir);
+        case LIGHT_SPOT: return SpotLight_eval(self, sp, dir);
+        case LIGHT_QUAD: return QuadLight_eval(self, sp, dir);
+        default: {
+            Light_EvalRes res;
+            res.value = Vec3fa(0, 0, 0);
+            res.dist = inf;
+            res.pdf = 0.f;
+            return res;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+struct BRDF {
+    float Ns; /*< specular exponent */
+    float Ni; /*< optical density for the surface (index of refraction) */
+    Vec3fa Ka; /*< ambient reflectivity */
+    Vec3fa Kd; /*< diffuse reflectivity */
+    Vec3fa Ks; /*< specular reflectivity */
+    Vec3fa Kt; /*< transmission filter */
+    float dummy[30];
+};
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//                                Lambertian BRDF                             //
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+struct Lambertian {
+    Vec3fa R;
+};
+
+inline Vec3fa Lambertian__eval(const Lambertian* This,
+                               const Vec3fa& wo, const Sample& dg, const Vec3fa& wi) {
+    return This->R * (1.0f / (float) (float(M_PI))) * clamp(dot(wi, dg.Ns));
+}
+
+inline Vec3fa Lambertian__sample(const Lambertian* This,
+                                 const Vec3fa& wo,
+                                 const Sample& dg,
+                                 Sample3f& wi,
+                                 const Vec2f& s) {
+    wi = cosineSampleHemisphere(s.x, s.y, dg.Ns);
+    return Lambertian__eval(This, wo, dg, wi.v);
+}
+
+inline void Lambertian__Constructor(Lambertian* This, const Vec3fa& R) {
+    This->R = R;
+}
+
+inline Lambertian make_Lambertian(const Vec3fa& R) {
+    Lambertian v;
+    Lambertian__Constructor(&v, R);
+    return v;
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//                          Matte Material                                    //
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+inline void MatteMaterial__preprocess(MatteMaterial* material, BRDF& brdf, const Vec3fa& wo, const Sample& sp) {
+}
+
+inline Vec3fa MatteMaterial__eval(MatteMaterial* This, const BRDF& brdf, const Vec3fa& wo, const Sample& sp,
+                                  const Vec3fa& wi) {
+    Lambertian lambertian = make_Lambertian(Vec3fa((Vec3fa) This->reflectance));
+    return Lambertian__eval(&lambertian, wo, sp, wi);
+}
+
+inline Vec3fa MatteMaterial__sample(MatteMaterial* This, const BRDF& brdf, const Vec3fa& Lw, const Vec3fa& wo,
+                                    const Sample& sp, Sample3f& wi_o, const Vec2f& s) {
+    Lambertian lambertian = make_Lambertian(Vec3fa((Vec3fa) This->reflectance));
+    return Lambertian__sample(&lambertian, wo, sp, wi_o, s);
+}
+
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//                          OBJ Material                                      //
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+inline void OBJMaterial__preprocess(OBJMaterial* material, BRDF& brdf, const Vec3fa& wo, const Sample& sp) {
+    float d = material->d;
+    // if (material->map_d) d *= getTextureTexel1f(material->map_d, dg.u, dg.v);
+    brdf.Ka = Vec3fa(material->Ka);
+    //if (material->map_Ka) { brdf.Ka *= material->map_Ka->get(dg.st); }
+    brdf.Kd = d * Vec3fa(material->Kd);
+    // if (material->map_Kd) brdf.Kd = brdf.Kd * getTextureTexel3f(material->map_Kd, dg.u, dg.v);
+    brdf.Ks = d * Vec3fa(material->Ks);
+    //if (material->map_Ks) brdf.Ks *= material->map_Ks->get(dg.st);
+    brdf.Ns = material->Ns;
+    //if (material->map_Ns) { brdf.Ns *= material->map_Ns.get(dg.st); }
+    brdf.Kt = (1.0f - d) * Vec3fa(material->Kt);
+    brdf.Ni = material->Ni;
+}
+
+inline Vec3fa OBJMaterial__eval(OBJMaterial* material, const BRDF& brdf, const Vec3fa& wo, const Sample& sp,
+                                const Vec3fa& wi) {
+    Vec3fa R = Vec3fa(0.0f);
+    const float Md = max(max(brdf.Kd.x, brdf.Kd.y), brdf.Kd.z);
+    const float Ms = max(max(brdf.Ks.x, brdf.Ks.y), brdf.Ks.z);
+    const float Mt = max(max(brdf.Kt.x, brdf.Kt.y), brdf.Kt.z);
+    if (Md > 0.0f) {
+        R = R + (1.0f / float(M_PI)) * clamp(dot(wi, sp.Ns)) * brdf.Kd;
+    }
+    if (Ms > 0.0f) {
+        const Sample3f refl = make_Sample3f(reflect(wo, sp.Ns), 1.0f);
+        if (dot(refl.v, wi) > 0.0f) {
+            R = R + (brdf.Ns + 2) * float(one_over_two_pi) * powf(max(1e-10f, dot(refl.v, wi)), brdf.Ns) *
+                clamp(dot(wi, sp.Ns)) * brdf.Ks;
+        }
+    }
+    if (Mt > 0.0f) {
+    }
+    return R;
+}
+
+inline Vec3fa OBJMaterial__sample(OBJMaterial* material, const BRDF& brdf, const Vec3fa& Lw, const Vec3fa& wo,
+                                  const Sample& sp, Sample3f& wi_o, const Vec2f& s) {
+    Vec3fa cd = Vec3fa(0.0f);
+    Sample3f wid = make_Sample3f(Vec3fa(0.0f), 0.0f);
+    if (max(max(brdf.Kd.x, brdf.Kd.y), brdf.Kd.z) > 0.0f) {
+        wid = cosineSampleHemisphere(s.x, s.y, sp.Ns);
+        cd = float(one_over_pi) * clamp(dot(wid.v, sp.Ns)) * brdf.Kd;
+    }
+
+    Vec3fa cs = Vec3fa(0.0f);
+    Sample3f wis = make_Sample3f(Vec3fa(0.0f), 0.0f);
+    if (max(max(brdf.Ks.x, brdf.Ks.y), brdf.Ks.z) > 0.0f) {
+        const Sample3f refl = make_Sample3f(reflect(wo, sp.Ns), 1.0f);
+        wis.v = powerCosineSampleHemisphere(brdf.Ns, s);
+        wis.pdf = powerCosineSampleHemispherePDF(wis.v, brdf.Ns);
+        wis.v = frame(refl.v) * wis.v;
+        cs = (brdf.Ns + 2) * float(one_over_two_pi) * powf(max(dot(refl.v, wis.v), 1e-10f), brdf.Ns) *
+             clamp(dot(wis.v, sp.Ns)) * brdf.Ks;
+    }
+
+    Vec3fa ct = Vec3fa(0.0f);
+    Sample3f wit = make_Sample3f(Vec3fa(0.0f), 0.0f);
+    if (max(max(brdf.Kt.x, brdf.Kt.y), brdf.Kt.z) > 0.0f) {
+        wit = make_Sample3f(neg(wo), 1.0f);
+        ct = brdf.Kt;
+    }
+
+    const Vec3fa md = Lw * cd / wid.pdf;
+    const Vec3fa ms = Lw * cs / wis.pdf;
+    const Vec3fa mt = Lw * ct / wit.pdf;
+
+    const float Cd = wid.pdf == 0.0f ? 0.0f : max(max(md.x, md.y), md.z);
+    const float Cs = wis.pdf == 0.0f ? 0.0f : max(max(ms.x, ms.y), ms.z);
+    const float Ct = wit.pdf == 0.0f ? 0.0f : max(max(mt.x, mt.y), mt.z);
+    const float C = Cd + Cs + Ct;
+
+    if (C == 0.0f) {
+        wi_o = make_Sample3f(Vec3fa(0, 0, 0), 0);
+        return Vec3fa(0, 0, 0);
+    }
+
+    const float CPd = Cd / C;
+    const float CPs = Cs / C;
+    const float CPt = Ct / C;
+
+    if (s.x < CPd) {
+        wi_o = make_Sample3f(wid.v, wid.pdf * CPd);
+        return cd;
+    } else if (s.x < CPd + CPs) {
+        wi_o = make_Sample3f(wis.v, wis.pdf * CPs);
+        return cs;
+    } else {
+        wi_o = make_Sample3f(wit.v, wit.pdf * CPt);
+        return ct;
+    }
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//                        Metal Material                                      //
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// =======================================================
+struct FresnelConductor
+{
+    Vec3fa eta; //!< Real part of refraction index
+    Vec3fa k;   //!< Imaginary part of refraction index
+};
+
+inline Vec3fa fresnelConductor(const float cosi, const Vec3fa &eta, const Vec3fa &k)
+{
+    const Vec3fa tmp = eta * eta + k * k;
+    const Vec3fa Rpar = (tmp * (cosi * cosi) - 2.0f * eta * cosi + Vec3fa(1.0f)) *
+                        rcp(tmp * (cosi * cosi) + 2.0f * eta * cosi + Vec3fa(1.0f));
+    const Vec3fa Rper = (tmp - 2.0f * eta * cosi + Vec3fa(cosi * cosi)) *
+                        rcp(tmp + 2.0f * eta * cosi + Vec3fa(cosi * cosi));
+    return 0.5f * (Rpar + Rper);
+}
+
+inline Vec3fa eval(const FresnelConductor &This, const float cosTheta)
+{
+    return fresnelConductor(cosTheta, This.eta, This.k);
+}
+
+inline FresnelConductor make_FresnelConductor(const Vec3fa &eta, const Vec3fa &k)
+{
+    FresnelConductor m;
+    m.eta = eta;
+    m.k = k;
+    return m;
+}
+
+// =======================================================
+struct PowerCosineDistribution
+{
+    float exp;
+};
+
+inline float eval(const PowerCosineDistribution &This, const float cosThetaH)
+{
+    return (This.exp + 2) * (1.0f / (2.0f * (float(M_PI)))) * powf(fabs(cosThetaH), This.exp);
+}
+
+inline void sample(const PowerCosineDistribution &This, const Vec3fa &wo, const Vec3fa &N, Sample3f &wi, const Vec2f s)
+{
+    Vec3fa dir = powerCosineSampleHemisphere(This.exp, s);
+    Sample3f wh;
+    wh.v = frame(N) * dir;
+    wh.pdf = powerCosineSampleHemispherePDF(dir, This.exp);
+    Sample3f r = make_Sample3f(reflect(wo, wh.v), 1.0f);
+    wi = make_Sample3f(r.v, wh.pdf / (4.0f * fabs(dot(wo, wh.v))));
+}
+
+inline PowerCosineDistribution make_PowerCosineDistribution(const float _exp)
+{
+    PowerCosineDistribution m;
+    m.exp = _exp;
+    return m;
+}
+
+inline void MetalMaterial__preprocess(MetalMaterial *material, BRDF &brdf, const Vec3fa &wo, const Sample &sp)
+{
+}
+
+inline Vec3fa MetalMaterial__eval(MetalMaterial *material, const BRDF &brdf, const Vec3fa &wo, const Sample &sp, const Vec3fa &wi)
+{
+    const FresnelConductor fresnel = make_FresnelConductor(Vec3fa(material->eta), Vec3fa(material->k));
+    const PowerCosineDistribution distribution = make_PowerCosineDistribution(rcp(material->roughness));
+
+    const float cosThetaO = dot(wo, sp.Ns);
+    const float cosThetaI = dot(wi, sp.Ns);
+    if (cosThetaI <= 0.0f || cosThetaO <= 0.0f)
+        return Vec3fa(0.f);
+    const Vec3fa wh = normalize(wi + wo);
+    const float cosThetaH = dot(wh, sp.Ns);
+    const float cosTheta = dot(wi, wh); // = dot(wo, wh);
+    const Vec3fa F = eval(fresnel, cosTheta);
+    const float D = eval(distribution, cosThetaH);
+    const float G = min(1.0f, min(2.0f * cosThetaH * cosThetaO / cosTheta,
+                                  2.0f * cosThetaH * cosThetaI / cosTheta));
+    return (Vec3fa(material->reflectance) * F) * D * G * rcp(4.0f * cosThetaO);
+}
+
+inline Vec3fa MetalMaterial__sample(MetalMaterial *material, const BRDF &brdf, const Vec3fa &Lw, const Vec3fa &wo, const Sample &sp, Sample3f &wi_o, const Vec2f &s)
+{
+    const PowerCosineDistribution distribution = make_PowerCosineDistribution(rcp(material->roughness));
+
+    if (dot(wo, sp.Ns) <= 0.0f)
+    {
+        wi_o = make_Sample3f(Vec3fa(0.0f), 0.0f);
+        return Vec3fa(0.f);
+    }
+    sample(distribution, wo, sp.Ns, wi_o, s);
+    if (dot(wi_o.v, sp.Ns) <= 0.0f)
+    {
+        wi_o = make_Sample3f(Vec3fa(0.0f), 0.0f);
+        return Vec3fa(0.f);
+    }
+    return MetalMaterial__eval(material, brdf, wo, sp, wi_o.v);
+}
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//                        ReflectiveMetal Material                            //
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+inline void ReflectiveMetalMaterial__preprocess(ReflectiveMetalMaterial *material, BRDF &brdf, const Vec3fa &wo, const Sample &sp)  
+{
+}
+
+inline Vec3fa ReflectiveMetalMaterial__eval(ReflectiveMetalMaterial *material, const BRDF &brdf, const Vec3fa &wo, const Sample &sp, const Vec3fa &wi)
+{
+  return Vec3fa(0.0f);
+}
+
+inline Vec3fa ReflectiveMetalMaterial__sample(ReflectiveMetalMaterial *material, const BRDF &brdf, const Vec3fa &Lw, const Vec3fa &wo, const Sample &sp, Sample3f &wi_o, const Vec2f &s)
+{
+  wi_o = make_Sample3f(reflect(wo,sp.Ns),1.0f);
+  return Vec3fa(material->reflectance) * fresnelConductor(dot(wo,sp.Ns),Vec3fa((Vec3fa)material->eta),Vec3fa((Vec3fa)material->k));
+}
+
+
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+//                              Material                                      //
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+inline void Material__preprocess(std::vector<Material *> materials, unsigned int materialID,
+                                 BRDF &brdf, const Vec3fa &wo, const Sample &sp)
+{
+    auto id = materialID;
+    {
+        if (id < materials.size()) // FIXME: workaround for ISPC bug, location reached with empty execution mask
+        {
+            Material *material = materials[id];
+
+            switch (material->type)
+            {
+            case MATERIAL_OBJ:
+                OBJMaterial__preprocess((OBJMaterial *)material, brdf, wo, sp);
+                break;
+            case MATERIAL_MATTE:
+                MatteMaterial__preprocess((MatteMaterial *)material, brdf, wo, sp);
+                break;
+            case MATERIAL_METAL:
+                MetalMaterial__preprocess((MetalMaterial *)material, brdf, wo, sp);
+                break;
+            case MATERIAL_REFLECTIVE_METAL:
+                ReflectiveMetalMaterial__preprocess((ReflectiveMetalMaterial *)material, brdf, wo, sp);
+                break;
+            default:
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+inline Vec3fa Material__eval(std::vector<Material *> materials, unsigned int materialID,
+                             const BRDF &brdf, const Vec3fa &wo, const Sample &sp, const Vec3fa &wi)
+{
+    Vec3fa c = Vec3fa(0.0f);
+    auto id = materialID;
+    {
+        if (id < materials.size()) // FIXME: workaround for ISPC bug, location reached with empty execution mask
+        {
+            Material *material = materials[id];
+            switch (material->type)
+            {
+            case MATERIAL_OBJ:
+                c = OBJMaterial__eval((OBJMaterial *)material, brdf, wo, sp, wi);
+                break;
+            case MATERIAL_MATTE:
+                c = MatteMaterial__eval((MatteMaterial *)material, brdf, wo, sp, wi);
+                break;
+            case MATERIAL_METAL:
+                c = MetalMaterial__eval((MetalMaterial *)material, brdf, wo, sp, wi);
+                break;
+            case MATERIAL_REFLECTIVE_METAL:
+                c = ReflectiveMetalMaterial__eval((ReflectiveMetalMaterial *)material, brdf, wo, sp, wi);
+                break;
+            default:
+                std::cout << "No Material found" << std::endl;
+                c = Vec3fa(0.0f);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return c;
+}
+
+inline Vec3fa Material__sample(std::vector<Material *> materials, unsigned int materialID,
+                               const BRDF &brdf, const Vec3fa &Lw, const Vec3fa &wo, const Sample &sp, Sample3f &wi_o,
+                               const Vec2f &s)
+{
+    Vec3fa c = Vec3fa(0.0f);
+    auto id = materialID;
+    {
+        if (id < materials.size()) // FIXME: workaround for ISPC bug, location reached with empty execution mask
+        {
+            Material *material = materials[id];
+            switch (material->type)
+            {
+            case MATERIAL_OBJ:
+                c = OBJMaterial__sample((OBJMaterial *)material, brdf, Lw, wo, sp, wi_o, s);
+                break;
+            case MATERIAL_MATTE:
+                c = MatteMaterial__sample((MatteMaterial *)material, brdf, Lw, wo, sp, wi_o, s);
+                break;
+            case MATERIAL_METAL:
+                c = MetalMaterial__sample((MetalMaterial *)material, brdf, Lw, wo, sp, wi_o, s);
+                break;
+            case MATERIAL_REFLECTIVE_METAL:
+                c = ReflectiveMetalMaterial__sample((ReflectiveMetalMaterial *)material, brdf, Lw, wo, sp, wi_o, s);
+                break;
+            default:
+                wi_o = make_Sample3f(Vec3fa(0.0f), 0.0f);
+                c = Vec3fa(0.0f);
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return c;
+}

Framework/include/application.h

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 #include "camera.hpp"
 #include "ray.hpp"
 #include "random_sampler.hpp"
+#include "random_sampler_wrapper.hpp"
 
 class Application {
 public:
@@ -48,15 +49,16 @@ public:
     void run();
 
 protected:
-    virtual Vec3fa renderPixel(float x, float y, const ISPCCamera& camera, RayStats& stats, RandomSampler& sampler) = 0;
+    virtual Vec3fa renderPixel(float x, float y, const ISPCCamera& camera, RayStats& stats, RandomSamplerWrapper& sampler) = 0;
 
     void deviceRender(const ISPCCamera& camera);
 
-    virtual void drawGUI() = 0;
+    virtual void drawGUI() {
+    }
 
     virtual void initScene() = 0;
 
-    void render(int* pixels, int width, int height, float time, const ISPCCamera& camera);
+    virtual void render(int* pixels, int width, int height, float time, const ISPCCamera& camera);
 
     void renderTile(int taskIndex, int threadIndex, int* pixels, unsigned int width,
                     unsigned int height,
@@ -90,6 +92,13 @@ protected:
 
     void scrollCallback(GLFWwindow*, double xoffset, double yoffset);
 
+
+    // it is invoked when the scene changes
+    virtual void resetRender() {
+		data.accu_count = 0;
+		data.film.clear();
+    }
+
     void initRayStats();
 
     int64_t getNumRays();
@@ -130,7 +139,7 @@ protected:
     double clickX = 0;
     double clickY = 0;
 
-    float speed = 400;
+    float speed = 1;
     Vec3f moveDelta = {0, 0, 0};
 
     RayStats* g_stats = nullptr;

Framework/include/distribution.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <sys/platform.h>
+#include <sys/sysinfo.h>
+#include <sys/alloc.h>
+
+#include <sys/ref.h>
+#include <sys/vector.h>
+#include <math/vec2.h>
+#include <math/vec3.h>
+#include <math/vec4.h>
+#include <math/bbox.h>
+#include <math/lbbox.h>
+#include <math/affinespace.h>
+#include <sys/filename.h>
+#include <sys/estring.h>
+#include <lexers/tokenstream.h>
+#include <lexers/streamfilters.h>
+#include <lexers/parsestream.h>
+#include <atomic>
+
+#include <sstream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <memory>
+#include <map>
+#include <set>
+#include <deque>
+
+#include "helper.hpp"
+
+#include <sys/sysinfo.h>
+
+#include <glad/glad.h>
+#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
+
+#include <imgui.h>
+#include <imgui_impl_glfw.h>
+#include <imgui_impl_opengl3.h>
+
+#include "camera.hpp"
+#include "ray.hpp"
+#include "random_sampler.hpp"
+#include "random_sampler_wrapper.hpp"
+
+
+// https://github.com/mmp/pbrt-v3/blob/master/src/core/pbrt.h#L403
+
+template <typename Predicate>
+int FindInterval(int size, const Predicate& pred) {
+	int first = 0, len = size;
+	while (len > 0) {
+		int half = len >> 1, middle = first + half;
+		// Bisect range based on value of _pred_ at _middle_
+		if (pred(middle)) {
+			first = middle + 1;
+			len -= half + 1;
+		}
+		else
+			len = half;
+	}
+	return clamp(first - 1, 0, size - 2);
+}
+struct Distribution1D {
+	Distribution1D(){}
+
+	// Distribution1D Public Methods
+	Distribution1D(const float* f, int n) : func(f, f + n), cdf(n + 1) {
+		// Compute integral of step function at $x_i$
+		cdf[0] = 0;
+		for (int i = 1; i < n + 1; ++i) cdf[i] = cdf[i - 1] + func[i - 1] / n;
+
+		// Transform step function integral into CDF
+		funcInt = cdf[n];
+		if (funcInt == 0) {
+			for (int i = 1; i < n + 1; ++i) cdf[i] = float(i) / float(n);
+		}
+		else {
+			for (int i = 1; i < n + 1; ++i) cdf[i] /= funcInt;
+		}
+	}
+	int Count() const { return (int)func.size(); }
+	float SampleContinuous(float u, float* pdf, int* off = nullptr) const {
+		// Find surrounding CDF segments and _offset_
+		int offset = FindInterval((int)cdf.size(),
+			[&](int index) { return cdf[index] <= u; });
+		if (off) *off = offset;
+		// Compute offset along CDF segment
+		float du = u - cdf[offset];
+		if ((cdf[offset + 1] - cdf[offset]) > 0) {
+			du /= (cdf[offset + 1] - cdf[offset]);
+		}
+		assert(!std::isnan(du));
+
+		// Compute PDF for sampled offset
+		if (pdf) *pdf = (funcInt > 0) ? func[offset] / funcInt : 0;
+
+		// Return $x\in{}[0,1)$ corresponding to sample
+		return (offset + du) / Count();
+	}
+	int SampleDiscrete(float u, float* pdf = nullptr,
+		float* uRemapped = nullptr) const {
+		// Find surrounding CDF segments and _offset_
+		int offset = FindInterval((int)cdf.size(),
+			[&](int index) { return cdf[index] <= u; });
+		if (pdf) *pdf = (funcInt > 0) ? func[offset] / (funcInt * Count()) : 0;
+		if (uRemapped)
+			*uRemapped = (u - cdf[offset]) / (cdf[offset + 1] - cdf[offset]);
+		if (uRemapped) assert(*uRemapped >= 0.f && *uRemapped <= 1.f);
+		return offset;
+	}
+	float DiscretePDF(int index) const {
+		assert(index >= 0 && index < Count());
+		return func[index] / (funcInt * Count());
+	}
+
+	// Distribution1D Public Data
+	std::vector<float> func, cdf;
+	float funcInt;
+};

Framework/include/film.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+#pragma once
+#include <sys/platform.h>
+#include <sys/sysinfo.h>
+#include <sys/alloc.h>
+
+#include <sys/ref.h>
+#include <sys/vector.h>
+#include <math/vec2.h>
+#include <math/vec3.h>
+#include <math/vec4.h>
+#include <math/bbox.h>
+#include <math/lbbox.h>
+#include <math/affinespace.h>
+#include <sys/filename.h>
+#include <sys/estring.h>
+#include <lexers/tokenstream.h>
+#include <lexers/streamfilters.h>
+#include <lexers/parsestream.h>
+#include <atomic>
+
+#include <sstream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <memory>
+#include <map>
+#include <set>
+#include <deque>
+
+#include "helper.hpp"
+
+#include <sys/sysinfo.h>
+
+#include <glad/glad.h>
+#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
+
+#include <imgui.h>
+#include <imgui_impl_glfw.h>
+#include <imgui_impl_opengl3.h>
+
+#include "camera.hpp"
+#include "ray.hpp"
+#include "random_sampler.hpp"
+#include "random_sampler_wrapper.hpp"
+
+
+inline unsigned int packColor(unsigned int r, unsigned int g, unsigned int b) {
+	return (b << 16) + (g << 8) + r;
+}
+
+#include <atomic>
+
+// AtomicFloat Class
+class AtomicFloat {
+public:
+	// AtomicFloat Public Methods
+	explicit AtomicFloat(float v = 0.0f) {
+		bits = floatToBits(v);
+	}
+
+
+
+	operator float() const {
+		return bitsToFloat(bits);
+	}
+
+	float operator=(float v) {
+		bits = floatToBits(v);
+		return v;
+	}
+
+	void add(float v) {
+		uint32_t oldBits = bits, newBits;
+		do {
+			newBits = floatToBits(bitsToFloat(oldBits) + v);
+		} while (!bits.compare_exchange_weak(oldBits, newBits));
+	}
+
+private:
+	// AtomicFloat Private Data
+	std::atomic<uint32_t> bits;
+
+	// Helper functions to convert between float and uint32_t
+	static uint32_t floatToBits(float f) {
+		uint32_t u;
+		memcpy(&u, &f, sizeof(uint32_t));
+		return u;
+	}
+
+	static float bitsToFloat(uint32_t u) {
+		float f;
+		memcpy(&f, &u, sizeof(uint32_t));
+		return f;
+	}
+};
+
+class Film {
+public:
+	Film() {
+
+	}
+
+	Film(unsigned int width, unsigned int height)
+	{
+		init(width, height);
+	}
+
+	void init(unsigned int w, unsigned int h) {
+		width = w;
+		height = h;
+
+		size_t size = width * height;
+		accu_x = std::make_unique<AtomicFloat[]>(size);
+		accu_y = std::make_unique<AtomicFloat[]>(size);
+		accu_z = std::make_unique<AtomicFloat[]>(size);
+		splat_count = std::make_unique<std::atomic<unsigned int>[]>(size);
+		clear();
+	}
+
+	// atomic safe
+	void addSplat(int x, int y, const Vec3fa& value) {
+		size_t index = y * width + x;
+		accu_x[index].add(value.x);
+		accu_y[index].add(value.y);
+		accu_z[index].add(value.z);
+		if(count)
+			splat_count[index].fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+	}
+
+
+	void writeToFramebuffer(unsigned int* pixels) {
+
+		parallel_for(size_t(0), size_t(width * height), [&](const range<size_t>& range) {
+			for (size_t i = range.begin(); i < range.end(); ++i) {
+				pixels[i] = getPackedColor(i);			
+			}
+		});
+	}
+
+	unsigned int getPackedColor(size_t index) const {
+
+		float divider = 1.0;
+
+		if (count) {
+			unsigned int count = splat_count[index].load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+			if (count == 0) return 0; // Return black if no splats
+			divider = 1.0 / count;
+		}
+
+
+		
+		float accu_x_val = accu_x[index] *divider* scalar;
+		float accu_y_val = accu_y[index] * divider* scalar;
+		float accu_z_val = accu_z[index] * divider* scalar;
+
+		unsigned int r = static_cast<unsigned int>(255.01f * clamp(accu_x_val, 0.0f, 1.0f));
+		unsigned int g = static_cast<unsigned int>(255.01f * clamp(accu_y_val, 0.0f, 1.0f));
+		unsigned int b = static_cast<unsigned int>(255.01f * clamp(accu_z_val, 0.0f, 1.0f));
+
+		return packColor(r, g, b);
+	}
+
+	unsigned int getPackedColor(int x, int y) const {
+		return getPackedColor(y * width + x);
+	}
+
+	void clear() {
+		parallel_for(size_t(0), size_t(width * height), [&](const range<size_t>& range) {
+			for (size_t i = range.begin(); i < range.end(); ++i) {
+				accu_x[i] = 0.0f;
+				accu_y[i] = 0.0f;
+				accu_z[i] = 0.0f;
+				splat_count[i].store(0, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+			}
+		});
+	}
+
+
+	float scalar = 1.0;
+	unsigned int width, height;
+	bool count = true;
+private:
+	std::unique_ptr<AtomicFloat[]> accu_x, accu_y, accu_z;
+
+	std::unique_ptr<std::atomic<unsigned int>[]> splat_count;
+
+};

Framework/include/helper.hpp

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #include <algorithms/parallel_for.h>
 #include <scenegraph/scenegraph.h>
 #include <scenegraph/grid.h>
+#include "film.hpp"
 // #include <lights/light.h>
 
 #include "scene.hpp"
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@ struct Sample {
     embree::Vec3fa Ns;
 };
 
+
 struct Data {
     RenderScene* scene;
     Grid* densityGrid;
@@ -31,25 +33,23 @@ struct Data {
     int max_path_length;
 
     /* accumulation buffer */
-    embree::Vec3ff* accu;
+    Film film;
-    unsigned int accu_width;
+    
-    unsigned int accu_height;
     unsigned int accu_count;
 
+    unsigned int frame_count = 0;
+
     RTCScene g_scene;
 };
 
 inline void Data_Constructor(Data* This, int spp, int max_path_length) {
     This->g_scene = nullptr;
     This->scene = nullptr;
-    This->accu = nullptr;
 
     This->spp = spp;
     This->max_path_length = max_path_length;
 
-    This->accu = nullptr;
+
-    This->accu_width = 0;
-    This->accu_height = 0;
     This->accu_count = 0;
 }
 

Framework/include/random_sampler_wrapper.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+
+#pragma once
+#include <random_sampler.hpp>
+
+namespace embree {
+
+	// Wrapper class
+	class RandomSamplerWrapper {
+		public:
+			RandomSampler sampler;
+
+			virtual void init(int id) {
+				RandomSampler_init(sampler, id);
+			}
+
+			virtual void init(int pixelID, int sampleID) {
+				RandomSampler_init(sampler, pixelID, sampleID);
+			}
+
+			virtual void init(int x, int y, int sampleID) {
+				RandomSampler_init(sampler, x, y, sampleID);
+			}
+
+			virtual float get1D() {
+				return RandomSampler_get1D(sampler);
+			}
+
+			virtual Vec2f get2D() {
+				return RandomSampler_get2D(sampler);
+			}
+
+			virtual Vec3fa get3D() {
+				return RandomSampler_get3D(sampler);
+			}
+	};
+
+}

Framework/include/sampling.hpp

@@ -107,6 +107,37 @@ inline Vec3fa uniformSampleCone(const float cosAngle, const Vec2f &s)
   return cartesian(phi, cosTheta);
 }
 
+inline float erfInv(float x) {
+	float w, p;
+	x = clamp(x, -.99999f, .99999f);
+	w = -std::log((1 - x) * (1 + x));
+	if (w < 5) {
+		w = w - 2.5f;
+		p = 2.81022636e-08f;
+		p = 3.43273939e-07f + p * w;
+		p = -3.5233877e-06f + p * w;
+		p = -4.39150654e-06f + p * w;
+		p = 0.00021858087f + p * w;
+		p = -0.00125372503f + p * w;
+		p = -0.00417768164f + p * w;
+		p = 0.246640727f + p * w;
+		p = 1.50140941f + p * w;
+	}
+	else {
+		w = std::sqrt(w) - 3;
+		p = -0.000200214257f;
+		p = 0.000100950558f + p * w;
+		p = 0.00134934322f + p * w;
+		p = -0.00367342844f + p * w;
+		p = 0.00573950773f + p * w;
+		p = -0.0076224613f + p * w;
+		p = 0.00943887047f + p * w;
+		p = 1.00167406f + p * w;
+		p = 2.83297682f + p * w;
+	}
+	return p * x;
+}
+
 inline float uniformSampleConePDF(const float cosAngle)
 {
     return rcp(float(two_pi)*(1.0f - cosAngle));

Framework/scenegraph/grid.h

@@ -54,11 +54,6 @@ namespace embree
 
 			data.resize(res.x * res.y * res.z);
 			file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(data.data()), data.size() * sizeof(float));
-			float max = 0;
-			for (size_t i = 0; i < res.x * res.y * res.z; i++) {
-				max = std::max(data[i], max);
-			}
-			printf("max:\t%f\n", max);
 			file.close();
 		}
 

Framework/scenes/box2.obj

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+# Blender 4.1.1
+# www.blender.org
+o box
+v -0.500000 -0.500000 0.500000
+v -0.500000 0.500000 0.500000
+v -0.500000 -0.500000 -0.500000
+v -0.500000 0.500000 -0.500000
+v 0.500000 -0.500000 0.500000
+v 0.500000 0.500000 0.500000
+v 0.500000 -0.500000 -0.500000
+v 0.500000 0.500000 -0.500000
+vn -1.0000 -0.0000 -0.0000
+vn -0.0000 -0.0000 -1.0000
+vn 1.0000 -0.0000 -0.0000
+vn -0.0000 -0.0000 1.0000
+vn -0.0000 -1.0000 -0.0000
+vn -0.0000 1.0000 -0.0000
+vt 0.375000 0.000000
+vt 0.625000 0.000000
+vt 0.625000 0.250000
+vt 0.375000 0.250000
+vt 0.625000 0.500000
+vt 0.375000 0.500000
+vt 0.625000 0.750000
+vt 0.375000 0.750000
+vt 0.625000 1.000000
+vt 0.375000 1.000000
+vt 0.125000 0.500000
+vt 0.125000 0.750000
+vt 0.875000 0.500000
+vt 0.875000 0.750000
+s 0
+f 1/1/1 2/2/1 4/3/1 3/4/1
+f 3/4/2 4/3/2 8/5/2 7/6/2
+f 7/6/3 8/5/3 6/7/3 5/8/3
+f 5/8/4 6/7/4 2/9/4 1/10/4
+f 3/11/5 7/6/5 5/8/5 1/12/5
+f 8/5/6 4/13/6 2/14/6 6/7/6

Framework/scenes/caustics/ring.mtl

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# Blender 4.1.1 MTL File: 'None'
+# www.blender.org
+
+newmtl copper
+Ns 196.513947
+Ka 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000
+Kd 0.800416 0.334137 0.043725
+Ks 0.500000 0.500000 0.500000
+Ke 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
+Ni 2.000000
+d 1.000000
+type metal
+illum 3
+
+newmtl white
+Ka 0 0 0
+Kd 1 1 1
+Ks 0 0 0
+
+
+newmtl oldwhite
+Ns 250.000000
+Ka 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000
+Kd 0.800000 0.800000 0.800000
+Ks 0.500000 0.500000 0.500000
+Ke 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
+Ni 1.500000
+d 1.000000
+illum 2

Framework/scenes/gnome/garden_gnome.mtl

@@ -1,14 +1,32 @@
-newmtl white
+# Blender 4.1.1 MTL File: 'None'
-Ka 0 0 0
+# www.blender.org
-Kd 1 1 1
-Ks 0 0 0
-
-newmtl green
-Ka 0 0 0
-Kd 0 1 0
-Ks 0 0 0
 
 newmtl blue
-Ka 0 0 0
+Ns 0.000000
-Kd 0 0 1
+Ka 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000
-Ks 0 0 0
+Kd 0.000000 0.000000 1.000000
+Ks 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
+Ke 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
+Ni 1.500000
+d 1.000000
+illum 1
+
+newmtl green
+Ns 0.000000
+Ka 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000
+Kd 0.000000 1.000000 0.000000
+Ks 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
+Ke 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
+Ni 1.500000
+d 1.000000
+illum 1
+
+newmtl white
+Ns 0.000000
+Ka 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000
+Kd 1.000000 1.000000 1.000000
+Ks 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
+Ke 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
+Ni 1.500000
+d 1.000000
+illum 1

Framework/src/application.cpp

@@ -185,14 +185,8 @@ void Application::deviceRender(const ISPCCamera& camera) {
     }
 
     /* create accumulator */
-    if (data.accu_width != width || data.accu_height != height) {
+    if (data.film.width != width || data.film.height != height) {
-        alignedUSMFree(data.accu);
+        data.film.init(width, height);
-        data.accu = (Vec3ff *) alignedUSMMalloc((width * height) * sizeof(Vec3ff), 16,
-                                                EMBREE_USM_SHARED_DEVICE_READ_WRITE);
-        data.accu_width = width;
-        data.accu_height = height;
-        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < width * height; i++)
-            data.accu[i] = Vec3ff(0.0f);
     }
 
     /* reset accumulator */
@@ -208,13 +202,14 @@ void Application::deviceRender(const ISPCCamera& camera) {
     g_accu_p = camera.xfm.p;
 
     if (camera_changed) {
-        data.accu_count = 0;
+        resetRender();
-        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < width * height; i++)
-            data.accu[i] = Vec3ff(0.0f);
     } else
         data.accu_count++;
+
+    data.frame_count++;
 }
 
+
 void Application::renderInteractive() {
     while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window)) {
         glfwPollEvents();
@@ -243,6 +238,8 @@ void Application::displayFunc() {
     /* render image using ISPC */
     initRayStats();
     render((int *) pixels, width, height, time, ispccamera);
+    data.film.writeToFramebuffer(pixels);
+    
     double dt0 = getSeconds() - t0;
     if (ispccamera.render_time != 0.0) dt0 = ispccamera.render_time;
     avg_render_time.add(dt0);
@@ -270,6 +267,10 @@ void Application::displayFunc() {
     ImGui::Checkbox("Accumulate", &g_accumulate);
     ImGui::InputInt("SPP", &data.spp);
 
+    if (ImGui::Button("Reset")) {
+        resetRender();
+    };
+
     double render_dt = avg_render_time.get();
     double render_fps = render_dt != 0.0 ? 1.0f / render_dt : 0.0;
     ImGui::Text("Render: %3.2f fps", render_fps);
@@ -332,27 +333,22 @@ void Application::renderTile(int taskIndex, int threadIndex, int* pixels, const
 
     for (unsigned int y = y0; y < y1; y++)
         for(unsigned int x = x0; x < x1; x++) {
-            RandomSampler sampler;
+            RandomSamplerWrapper sampler;
             Vec3fa L = Vec3fa(0.0f);
 
             for (int i=0; i<data.spp; i++)
             {
-                RandomSampler_init(sampler, x, y, data.accu_count*data.spp+i);
+				sampler.init(x, y, (data.frame_count) * data.spp + i);
 
-                /* calculate pixel color */
+				/* calculate pixel color */
-                float fx = x + RandomSampler_get1D(sampler);
+				float fx = x + sampler.get1D();
-                float fy = y + RandomSampler_get1D(sampler);
+				float fy = y + sampler.get1D();
                 L = L + renderPixel(fx,fy,camera,g_stats[threadIndex],sampler);
             }
             L = L/(float)data.spp;
 
             /* write color to framebuffer */
-            Vec3ff accu_color = data.accu[y*width+x] + Vec3ff(L.x,L.y,L.z,1.0f); data.accu[y*width+x] = accu_color;
+            data.film.addSplat(x, y, L);
-            float f = rcp(max(0.001f,accu_color.w));
-            unsigned int r = (unsigned int) (255.01f * clamp(accu_color.x*f,0.0f,1.0f));
-            unsigned int g = (unsigned int) (255.01f * clamp(accu_color.y*f,0.0f,1.0f));
-            unsigned int b = (unsigned int) (255.01f * clamp(accu_color.z*f,0.0f,1.0f));
-            pixels[y*width+x] = (b << 16) + (g << 8) + r;
         }
 }